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Suillus americanus
''Suillus americanus'' is a species of fungus in the Suillaceae family of mushrooms. Commonly known as the chicken fat mushroom, the American slippery Jack (or slipperycap), or the American suillus, it grows in a mycorrhizal association with eastern white pine and can be found where this tree occurs in eastern North America and China. The mushroom can be recognized by the bright yellow cap with red to reddish-brown scales embedded in slime, the large yellow angular pores on the underside of the cap, and the narrow yellow stem marked with dark reddish dots. Molecular phylogenetics analysis suggests that ''S. americanus'' may be the same species as ''S. sibiricus'', found in western North America and western and central Asia. ''Suillus americanus'' is edible, although opinions vary as to its palatability; some susceptible individuals may suffer a contact dermatitis after touching the fruit bodies. The fruit bodies contain a beta glucan carbohydrate shown in laboratory tests to have anti-inflammatory properties.
==Taxonomy and classification==
''Suillus americanus'' was first described scientifically by American mycologist Charles Horton Peck in 1888,〔 based on specimens he had originally collected as far back as 1869, in New York state, near Sand Lake, Albany, and Port Jefferson. In his 1888 publication he indicated that he had originally listed these collections as ''Boletus flavidus'' (now known as ''Suillus flavidus'') in his 1869 ''Report of the State Botanist'' (published in 1872).〔 However, as was pointed out nearly a century later in 1986, the 1869 report does not actually mention the species; rather, Peck's field notes that year (which served as the basis for the report) reference a collection at Sand Lake upon which the original (1888) description was most likely based. Because Peck failed to designate a type specimen, one of the Sand Lake specimens was lectotypified in 1986.〔
In 1931, French mycologist Édouard-Jean Gilbert transferred the species to the genus ''Ixocomus'',〔 a now-defunct taxon that has since been subsumed into ''Suillus''.〔 In 1959, Walter H. Snell, collaborating with Rolf Singer and Esther A. Dick, transferred the species to ''Suillus''.〔 In his 1986 version of the authoritative monograph ''The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy'', Singer included the species in the subsection ''Latiporini'' of genus ''Suillus'', an infrageneric grouping (below the taxonomic level of genus) characterized by a cinnamon-colored spore print without an olive tinge, and wide pores, typically greater than 1 mm when mature.〔
Common names for the species include the American slipperycap,〔McKnight (1987), pp. (113–14 ).〕 the American suillus,〔 or the chicken-fat mushroom. The latter name is a reference to its yellow color.〔 The specific epithet ''americanus'' means "of America".〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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